What happens to mass and energy near the speed of light?

The answer to that question is interesting. Mass is energy. And energy is mass. When the energy level rises, the mass of the object also rises. Or the object pulls more energy in it. When a higher-energy particle touches a lower-energy particle or object. It delivers that energy. When a particle moves through space. 

If you make a bullet with a 1D atom lattice in the middle of it. That atom lattice forms a phonon. The effect is where all atoms in a lattice deliver their energy synchronously as acoustic waves. That increases its power because it delivers impact energy faster. 

It transfers energy inside it. Then it delivers that energy to the object where it hits. So we can think case where the pure silicone crystal hits an object. 

The bullet stores energy in it. And we can think that it moves its atom's electrons backward. Then the object hits the target. Those electrons travel ahead synchronously. In that process, those electrons deliver their energy. That thing is possible only in 1D atomic lattices. So the bullet must made using the 2D silicone structures to make that thing like this possible. 

The speed of light is the cosmic speed limit. That speed is one of the great paradoxes in the universe. The speed of light is a cosmic constant. But it's not the same everywhere. The speed of light in a medium is lower than the speed of light in a vacuum. 

Cosmic nebulas and other things also decrease the speed of light. So, that's why we should say that a photon's speed is always the top, but another photon can travel faster than another. When a photon arrives at the medium. 

"Animation showing 6 normal modes of a one-dimensional lattice: a linear chain of particles. The shortest wavelength is at top, with progressively longer wavelengths below. In the lowest lines the motion of the waves to the right can be seen." (Wikipedia, Phonon)

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The hypothetical graviton can be photon-hole. Or a photonic version of an electron hole. When a photon goes into the high energy field it gets more energy than it delivers. That can cause a situation. In which a photon jumps out from the 3D universe. In that case, the photon leaves a hole behind it. So the reaction is similar to when an electron jumps out from its orbital. 

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It must deliver its energy to the nebula. But then we must realize that photons and all moving particles carry kinetic energy. That energy forms when quantum fields go in the particle that travels in quantum fields. So when the particle's speed increases. It just transports quantum fields inside it. 

The particle must create an energy field whose energy level is higher than the energy level in the particle. 

Because energy always travels to the lower energy field. The energy is field interaction. Which means energy is wave movement between two fields. 

The fields must be similar. And we can see energy. Only when it moves. The electromagnetic field cannot fill the gravity field for example. 

A gravity field can transform an electromagnetic wave's trajectory. But, it cannot merge with the EM field. 

The EM field can merge with other EM fields. That means energy from higher energy fields travels to lower energy fields. The speed of energy transfer depends on the difference between fields' energy levels. 

But then what happens near the speed of light? The energy jumps out from the particle and denies its acceleration. But what happens? When a particle travels in the Universe it prowls through quantum fields. Those fields form the shockwave ahead of the particle. The shockwave has many layers. The inner shockwave to the particle has a lower energy level than the field ahead of that shockwave. The energy of the higher energy part turns higher than the environment. 

And that pushes energy out of the shockwave. That causes energy loss. So, finally, energy starts to travel from the particle to the shockwave. And that denies the acceleration. The problem is that near the speed of light energy goes to a shockwave. And it cannot reach the particle. 

So the blue light flashes that things like neutrino detectors detect are the part of the shockwave that travels to the lower energy fields. When the neutrino impacts water in the sensor or when it arrives in the atmosphere. Quantum fields around atoms pull that shockwave to them very fast. 

The photon is the only known particle that can reach the speed of light in the so-called straight universe. Photon is like a donut. And that explains. The thing for why it can always travel with the speed of light. The shape makes it possible that when a photon travels in a quantum field the field travels in its internal structure. 

Then it travels through the photon's ring-shaped structure. That thing means that the photon gets as much energy as it delivers. This is one of the things that causes interesting models. If there is some energy source that brings more energy in the photon than it delivers it can explain the hypothetical graviton. 

The case where a photon simply jumps out from the Universe. When its energy level turns too high causes a similar pothole with an electron when it jumps out from its orbital. In some models, the graviton is the photon hole or photonic version of the electron hole. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/mass-energy-increase-near-speed-of-light/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon

For the first time, researchers found particles with mass only when they move in one direction.

"An illustration of the calculated structure of ZrSiS near the crossing points of its structure, showing a semi-Dirac point as a black sphere on the left. Data points as purple dots support the existence of semi-Dirac fermions in ZrSiS material with the characteristic B2/3 power-law behavior on the right. Credit: Yinming Shao / Penn State. Adapted from Physical Review X (2024). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.14.041057" (Phys.org, Particle that only has mass when moving in one direction observed for first time)

"For the first time, scientists have observed a collection of particles, also known as a quasiparticle, that's massless when moving one direction but has mass in the other direction. The quasiparticle, called a semi-Dirac fermion, was first theorized 16 years ago, but was only recently spotted inside a crystal of semi-metal material called ZrSiS. The observation of the quasiparticle opens the door to future advances in a range of emerging technologies from batteries to sensors, according to the researchers." (Phys.org, Particle that only has mass when moving in one direction observed for first time)

A photon is a particle without mass. The image of that particle tells that there is a ring-looking structure. That structure might tell why a photon has no mass. When we think that the photon is the donut-shaped thing that has no mass that thing can explain why there is no mass in the photon. 

The quantum field surrounds that ring-shaped structure and if that field rolls that effect can cause a situation that the donut-shaped quantum field or "donut-shaped wormhole" drives outcoming quantum fields through the center of the photon. That thing can cause a situation. Where there is an energy stability on the photon. The photon hovers in the donut-shaped field that delivers and receives as much energy. That means the photon hovers in the quantum field. 

"A new theory, that explains how light and matter interact at the quantum level has enabled researchers to define for the first time the precise shape of a single photon. Credit: Dr. Benjamin Yuen" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap: Scientists Reveal the Shape of a Single Photon for the First Time)

Theoretically is possible that photons that are in the row can make the wormhole through the universe. That structure requires that photons are in stable positions. 

In gravitational models, the quantum fields travel to the gravitational centers. That effect causes a situation in which wave movement travels faster than particles. And that forms the electromagnetic shadow ahead of the particle. That electromagnetic or quantum shadow is the lower energy area in the universe. That area acts like all other lower energy areas. That causes an effect that we know as gravitation. 

The reason why dense materials are heavier than thin is that the field can touch them better than the thin material. In thin materials is so much space that the wave movement cannot touch it. In dense objects, there are more structures there the wave movement can touch. That makes the electromagnetic shadow deeper ahead of the dense materials. 

Ball-shaped objects act always the same way. There is a small point even in singularity where there is no gravity. When an object drops through ball-shaped things like Earth there is always a lower mass in its trajectory. And in the middle of the ball is no mass that can pull the particle ahead. And sooner or later the particle will stuck in the middle of the ball.  That point exists in all ball-shaped objects in the universe. 

So when a particle travels to the gravity center energy shadow that faster-moving wave movement forms ahead of particles forms energy shadow. That pulls particles ahead. Or the higher energy level behind the particle pushes it ahead. The wormhole would be the extremely long electromagnetic shadow through the universe. 

Without that shadow, the particle has no mass. The idea of mass is that quantum fields are removed or turn weaker around the particle. And that thing causes quantum fields to travel to particles. 

The mass is like temperature. We can think that material has mass when quantum fields travel to it. So the mass forms when the energy field travels to the particle. If the particle sends energy away it has no mass. 

So if the particle has mass only when it travels to some direction that means there can form the cold area in one direction in the particle. 

A particle that has a mass only. When it travels in a certain direction is an interesting thing. That kind of particle must have a very special interaction and balance in interactions. The theory of gravity tells that the mass forms when a particle sends radiation or wave movement impulses.  The idea is that the spinning particle binds energy when the energy level turns high enough. 

That particle sends wave movement. Because the universe expands the quantum field around the particle turns weaker. And the particle forms a little quantum low energy area that pulls energy fields into it. Or the particle collects energy around its spinning axle there should be a small energy tornado. 

That energy tornado pulls energy asymmetrically to the spin axle. And then that thing forms the thing called gravity. The thing is that if that interaction happens only to another side of the particle. That thing causes an effect that the particle seems to have mass only on another side. The thing is that the interaction between particles and quantum fields makes the mass of the particle. 

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-particle-mass.html

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-scientists-reveal-the-shape-of-a-single-photon-for-the-first-time/

Researchers created the image of individual photons.

"A new theory, that explains how light and matter interact at the quantum level has enabled researchers to define for the first time the precise shape of a single photon. Credit: Dr. Benjamin Yuen" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap: Scientists Reveal the Shape of a Single Photon for the First Time)

The new quantum leap is interesting. Researchers observed the single photon for the first time. The photons structure can tell researchers,  why that strange particle can act like particles with mass. But there is no measured mass in the photon. That means photons should not have the ability to carry energy or information or make quantum entanglements with other photons. 

The image of a single photon makes it possible to control that strange particle, which is the only particle that can reach the speed of light. The image of the photon introduces a structure that looks like a little bit of benzene or a peanut. The shape of a photon can tell why a photon can reach energy stability. That means while a photon travels, it gets as much energy as it releases. 

We can put a presumption that the image of a photon can unveil the mysterious and still hypothetical graviton, the transmitter particle of gravitation. The ring-shaped structure is similar to the ring around stars and other gravitational centers. So could the photon be an electromagnetic field or superstring that orbits the graviton? 

That means. It's possible. That graviton exists. If that wheel-shaped superstring harvests energy from around it, that thing could send wave movement into the middle of that wheel. The idea is that those superstrings are not the same size. And when that photon travels in quantum fields it sends energy as well as around it. And to the middle of it. That can form a stylus-looking structure. 

In some models, photons travel around superstrings. That means the photon would be a quantum skyrmion that is formed around those superstrings. The theoretical superstring is the gravitational or quantum tornado that forms a channel through the universe. That formation makes strings through the Higgs field. 

That means there is a vacuum in that structure that allows particles can travel faster than in a normal Higgs field. The energy comes to the particle backward and. from sides. In some models, a graviton is a quasiparticle that forms at the entrance of the superstring. 

And maybe that thing slows the photon's speed. Or maybe the electromagnetic low pressure will pull the photon´s structure backward. That vacuum or void would deny the photon's acceleration to a speed that is faster than the speed of light. 

So if we try to use that model with another still hypothetical, faster-than-light particle called tachyon, we can think that maybe that tachyon is the particle that looks like omega. When the tachyon crosses the speed of light, the back side of it travels forward, because there is an electromagnetic vacuum in that structure. That thing sends the wave movement or energy strike through that quantum low-pressure. And when that thing hits the tachyon. That pushes it faster-than-light speed. 

The knowledge of the shape of the photons is the thing that allows to creation of new communication tools. Those quantum communication tools are the systems that allow to create the single-photon-based communication systems. In those systems. The shape of the photon determines the state of that particle. 

And if the system can control the shape of the photon, that allows to creation of new and powerful technologies and ultra-secured data transmissions that are in the shape of the photon. The shape of the photon can be like an image. In macro-scale systems, the image like a cross or wave can mean some letter, or they can mean zero and one. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-scientists-reveal-the-shape-of-a-single-photon-for-the-first-time/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyon

When requirements grow, programs grow.

The main problem with computing is when developers make something. There is needed new solutions almost immediately. Those new solutions make the application interesting. And many times. Those new solutions mean new abilities for applications. New skills require new libraries. And that thing cumulates the size of the program. 

The new libraries require more space and more effective computing. The thing is that AI is going to more detailed program code. When we think about the first AI "chatbots" the simple programs that asked people some questions, and then the program gave some pre-programmed answers, we must realize that those programs looked intelligent. 

One example of those programs is a program that asks: 

Are you a boy or a girl?

A: Boy

What's your name"?

A: John

How old are you?

A: 23

Where do you live?

Bristol

Then the program said: 

Please to meet you: 

You are a boy, whose name is John. You are 23 years old, and you live in Bristol. And I'm your servant. 

Those things are quite easy to program by using C, Java, or C++. But that program puts answers to the right points in the programmed text. And the form of the text doesn't require us to notice things like "she" or "he".  That simple code is an example of pseudo-intelligence. One "else" command makes it possible to create an answer that if the answer is something else, the computer answers that "you must answer "boy" or "girl". That makes those programs look intelligent. If the programmer has time, it's possible to add all British first names and all the world's city names to the list of allowed worlds. And that gives an appearance of intelligence. 

The thing is that when we think about the modern AI that can control things like cars, we must realize that in the middle is a large language model, LLM. The LLM itself does nothing. But it transfers the data to the part of the code. That controls the self-driving cars. That LLM stays at a tolerable size. But the libraries that the system needs grow. That makes it hard to control data in the system. 

The network-based architecture means that the system can have multiple, limited AIs or LLMs that are connected into the entirety. That thing makes the system more flexible. Because the system has many separate operating cores. It allows the developers to create those cells as modules. Every module is an independently operating part of the structure. 

Above: Mesh network. In network-based systems, every computer runs its own LLM and modules connected to it. So every computer involves certain action series. And, each computer is responsible for its part of the system's skills. 

The structure might look like some kind of mesh topology. That means that there is a central LLM. That is called the specialized LLM to make the mission. The system operates like a mesh topology. When as an example a robot car drives a robot to the shop it sends a mission to the next operator. 

That operator is the robot that goes into the shop. The mesh model means that the system must not bother the central actor all the time. That means that if the central processor or LLM is busy or the system is out of connection the sub-system can continue its mission without the central actor's support or control.  

When a user gives orders to the central LLM. That can transfer the mission to the sub-LLM that has data to complete the mission. The networked structure makes it possible that one mission doesn't keep the entire system busy. When one module operates with some mission. Other parts of the system can perform other duties. 

In modern neural networks, the middle of the system is the LLM. The LLM is connected with sub-LLM systems. The system looks like a neural network. When an owner calls, the car to the door. The central LLM gives a mission to the LLM that controls the car. The car's AI system can interact with surveillance cameras and the surveillance system tells if there are some dangers in that area. 

Or if there are no surveillance cameras the owner can send a drone that looks if there is something behind corners. The drone can hang over the vehicle and send the image to the computer where the car's corners are going. The car requires a 3D camera system and radar. That it can drive safely. 

And then it requires large-size databases that tell what the car should do in all situations that it can face on the road. There are lots of things that the system must avoid. When we think about the models of the complex systems we must create the systems using the cell- or neural-based networked architecture. For these reasons, I told you before.