There are many new theories about planet formation.

In traditional models, the rocky planets form between large gas giants and the parent star. There is a so-called Kepler radius (also known as Kepler orbit)where gravity pulls with the same force in both directions. That forms Kepler point the point where material can condensate to a planet. 

But when we think about those points the Kepler point can form between any other gravity centers. The small red dwarfs and metal-rich stars can also form at a similar point between gravity centers that can be nebulas, black holes, or any other heavy objects that can stabilize mass at that point. 

New observations about objects like brown dwarfs and JWST telescope observations from distant objects. This can cause a need to make new models for planet formation. When we think about things like fission stars, the stars that form lots of their energy from fission reactions might be so-called brown dwarfs. In that case, we think that the object that forms more energy than it gets is a star. And if there is a lot of fissile material in some interplanetary nebula they can form objects, there are enormous-scale natural nuclear reactors. 

Those stars require lots of fissile material. And that means they can condense from the old star's remnants. It is possible that in those brown dwarfs, the core of uranium or some other radioactive material pulls the hydrogen atmosphere around it. Then that hydrogen starts to fall. Against the fission shell. Until it gets enough energy that fusion starts. The fusion shell expands and fusion stops. That makes those brown dwarfs very special. 

"The Webb Space Telescope has provided evidence that contradicts existing theories by confirming long-lived planet-forming disks in environments with minimal heavy elements, suggesting a need to revise our understanding of early planet formation. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Olivia C. Jones (UK ATC), Guido De Marchi (ESTEC), Margaret Meixner (USRA)" (ScitechDaily, Stunning Webb Discovery Forces Rethink of Planet Formation in the Early Universe)

The nebula far away looks a little bit like a DNA molecule. And the shadow that looks like two dolphins is also an interesting detail. 

"This graph shows, on the bottom left in yellow, a spectrum of one of the 10 target stars in this study (as well as accompanying light from the immediate background environment). Spectral fingerprints of hot atomic helium, cold molecular hydrogen, and hot atomic hydrogen are highlighted. On the top left in magenta is a spectrum slightly offset from the star that includes only light from the background environment. " (ScitechDaily, Stunning Webb Discovery Forces Rethink of Planet Formation in the Early Universe)

"This second spectrum lacks a spectral line of cold molecular hydrogen.

On the right is the comparison of the top and bottom lines. This comparison shows a large peak in the cold molecular hydrogen coming from the star but not its nebular environment. Also, atomic hydrogen shows a larger peak from the star. This indicates the presence of a protoplanetary disk immediately surrounding the star. The data was taken with the microshutter array on the James Webb Space Telescope’s NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrometer) instrument. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Joseph Olmsted (STScI)" (ScitechDaily, Stunning Webb Discovery Forces Rethink of Planet Formation in the Early Universe)

The fission star might not be very big. It might be a planet-size object where there are lots of heavy nuclear elements and that causes a situation where there is remarkable nuclear fission or natural nuclear reaction on the surface of the object. The idea is that the fission star is an enormous-scale natural nuclear reactor. But is that thing a star or planet? 

The planet's formation doesn't depend on stars as much as researchers previously thought. The planet can form even if it's outside the solar system. The brown dwarfs are the failed stars. Those objects cannot maintain stable nuclear reactions. 

And it's possible. That there is forming much lighter objects outside the stellar gravitational field. Maybe there are lots of heavy solid elements in some small interplanetary nebula and if there is starting the condensation. It's possible. That the fusion cannot start. The other thing is that. 

Rogue planets can start to orbit each other. There is a Kepler radius also between rogue planets. And it can form the planet between those planets. But when we think about the formation of the first planets. In a young, metal-poor universe could form the first gas giants. And when their parent stars detonated as supernovas the shockwave formed heavy elements in those planets. 

Planetary formation starts. If there is a point. Where material can condense. The mass and elementary structure of that condensate should be so low that it cannot form nuclear fusion. 

But then we must realize that the Kepler radius that forms a point, where material can condensate depending on the gravity of those objects. That means the shape of those objects doesn't matter. Those objects that form the point where planets can form can be stars, other planets, and even interplanetary nebulas can create those points. 

https://scitechdaily.com/james-webb-telescope-unveils-the-icy-secrets-of-our-solar-systems-birth/

https://scitechdaily.com/stunning-webb-discovery-forces-rethink-of-planet-formation-in-the-early-universe/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler_orbit

Black holes. And gravitational quantum effect.

Can the Aether and Higgs field be the same thing? 

When researchers talk about things like the Higgs field. That is the base energy level in the universe. We can say that they talk about Aetherium. The energy field that carries the wave movement. 

In the past. Physicists believe. That there is some kind of energy field in the universe. 

That field carries information. The thing that supports this model is that wave movement cannot move in a total vacuum. There must be some field where the wave can travel. 

Without a field. There are no changes in energy levels. And we cannot see the field if we are in it. We can only see the changes in the power of the field. Electromagnetic and other waves are only the changes in the power of the field. 

The idea is that there is some kind of energy field where information travels. Famous physicist Albert Abraham Michelson named that field "Aether". When we think about Albert Abraham Michelson. And his "Aether". That is "proven wrong". 

We must realize. Some people talking about the same thing. Even if. They use different names for the substance. 

Could the Higgs field? Or the base energy field in the universe. Same as this mythic aether? So did Higgs and Michelson talk about the same thing? The Higgs field is the medium where information travels.

 And that explains many things about black holes and gravitation. 

Black holes are such extreme objects that we cannot find similar things from anywhere else. There is no top limit for those monster's mass, but there is no minimum mass for black holes. That means there can be miniature black holes even in your room.  The String Theory goes like this. The quantum-size black holes make the gravitational tornadoes or tunnels through the Higgs field. And then those energy tornadoes turn around extremely small black holes. Forming the elementary particles. 

Sometimes. things like ghosts are explained the tiny black hole brings information from the past or some other place. The idea is that the quantum-size black hole is in every single elementary particle. When black holes spin they bound energy into them. 

But when we think about the gravitational effect there is a possibility that there are two types of gravitation. When black holes spin very fast that thing causes the macro-scale tornado in the Higgs field. And that macro-scale tornado would be a so-called wormhole. 

When we think about things like gravitational engines they must make some kind of hole in the gravitational field. And if gravitation is an effect in the Higgs field that makes them possible. Those engines must make a tunnel through the energy fields. 

And one of those energy fields is the gravitational field. Theoretically, fast-spinning particles can make energy tornado. That is needed for that thing. But it's possible. The only thing that can turn the gravitation into the roll is the black hole. 

That quantum low-pressure pulls the craft into it. The gravitational engines just make the hole into some energy field and then that makes those things move. 

Maybe a black hole's gravitational field stretches waves and turns Hawking radiation into gravitational waves.

Hawking radiation is still a hypothetical form of radiation that the black hole should send. 

Can the Doppler effect be the reason why we cannot see Hawking radiation? That means the gravitational field of the black hole can stretch Hawking radiation into the gravitational waves. The gravitational redshift is one of the reasons why we cannot see black holes. But that means gravitational redshift can also stretch Hawking radiation. 

Theoretically, the Doppler effect can turn Hawking radiation into gravitational waves. The gravity near black holes is extremely powerful. That means it causes a very strong redshift or Doppler effect when it stretches radiation. A black hole stretches all kinds of electromagnetic radiation, including gravitational waves. So it's possible. The strong gravity field can turn Hawking radiation into gravity waves. 

When a black hole forms it turns into a massive energy package. The black hole forms the tunnel into the fourth dimension. That means it just transmits energy out of that environment. So if the Hawking radiation behaves like other radiation. that means it's possible that Doppler effect turns Hawking's radiation waves into the gravitational wave. But that means that the Hawking radiation must exist. 

But if the Hawking radiation waves and the gravitational waves have a similar "redshift effect" as other radiation types. That means that can cause more important things than we thought. What if we can create so fast and so heavy particles that they can pull gravitational waves into another type of radiation? 

That system can be based on the models where the laser accelerates particles. And that thing can cause an effect. That Doppler effect can transform gravitational waves into things like gamma rays. 

Above:The  Light Cone. 

If that gravitational Doppler effect is possible. That thing can cause a situation. That there is some kind of hole in the black hole's gravitational field. That means in the point of the relativistic jet. It's possible. The power of that jet pulls gravity waves longer than otherwise. That thing means that those fast-moving particles can turn gravity waves into the form of gamma rays.  

Gravitational interaction is one of the most interesting things. There is an idea that the gravitational effect forms. When a gravity wave travels out from the gravitational center. This effect makes other waves or fields travel to the gravitational center. The form of the energy fields is not homogenous. There are small structures called superstrings. Those points are more powerful points in the energy field. 

 

When gravitational-wave travels out from the gravity center the gravity wave makes those superstrings rotate like rolls. So the gravity field that is the gravity waves that travel out from the gravity center makes those superstrings rotate opposite direction that the gravity wave travels. When a gravity wave puts those superstrings rotate the energy transfer in that. 

An extremely small structure makes the energy or quantum low pressure ahead into its rotation direction of that field. That quantum low pressure pulls those superstrings or energy fields to the gravitational center. That is one version of models of the quantum interactions. 

The black hole forms in the high energy explosion called a supernova. When the star detonates it pushes its shell and outer structures to the space. When the star detonates it pushes a vacuum into the point where that detonation happens. The energy fields and material fall from the sides of that vacuum. That energy can form the pillar between the upper and lower energy fields. 

And the thing that we know as singularity. Makes the situation that there is a quantum tornado in the energy pillar. That structure denies the form of the standing field. And then it can explain why that structure can keep its form. The energy interaction in that structure is the key element in the gravitational model. 

When massive gravity pulls particles into the black hole there is the point, where time stops. The point is the layer where escaping velocity reaches the speed of light is the event horizon. 

The event horizon is the point. Where time stops. Behind that point. Escaping velocity turns higher than the speed of light. That makes time travel backward in the black hole. The light cone is the model where the object closes the speed of light. Or black hole's event horizon. The hypersurface of the present is the event horizon. And behind that point time travels backwards. 

We can say that a particle jumps to the fourth dimension when its energy level rises so high level, that it loses its ability to exchange information between 3D objects. When the system pulls energy to that object there is a channel between the observer and the particle. That channel is called a gravitational pothole. When that channel turns too long. It will close because energy presses it flat. 

But then we can realize one thing. The black hole or its event horizon is not in a static position in space-time. That means the black hole falls into the future. The black hole falls through spacetime. Because it's so heavy. That thing means that all particles cause time dilation. So the black hole is like a stone that we throw into the water. 

Time dilation turns that structure into a hole in the universe or spacetime. That means that when objects travel to the black hole they don't lose their ability to send information out from the gravitational pothole immediately. We can see those particles or objects until they reach the even horizon. And the gravity cone that always turns longer and longer is the channel to the future. 

But what if we want to make the particle return from the future? We must make the opposite black hole. We must make the situation that the particle turns lighter or it loses its energy. So if we want to make an object that travels to the past we should make a structure where time travels faster than in its environment. 

Can black holes be gravitational versions of photonic time crystals?

 

"This still from the simulation shows a supermassive black hole, or quasar, surrounded by a swirling disk of material called an accretion disk. Credit: Caltech/Phil Hopkins group" (ScitechDaily, Caltech Astrophysicists Flip Black Hole Theories With Stunning New Simulations)

We can say that black holes' oscillation makes them raise the gravitational fields or gravitational waves' energy exponentially. Just like photonic time crystals raise electromagnetic radiation's energy level. 

Why are black holes black? One reason for that is the gravity field that doesn't let even light away from the black hole. The other thing is the photon whirls around the event horizon. Those high-energy photons send energy mostly into the black hole. 

There. They could accelerate at such a high speed that they could escape from that monster. That theorem base is on the idea. The laser light can push light away from its route and form a shadow. That means photons around a black hole act like laser rays that close the route of light. 

And those things deny the light from getting out even in the positions of the event horizon. Gravitation is wave movement. Just like electromagnetic waves. That means the crossing gravitational field, or gravitational waves can close the route of gravitational waves that cross their way. And that cuts the gravitational waves route. Just like crossing laser ray cuts the visible light's route. 

That means there could be a so-called gravitational tornado and the extremely thin channel that gravitational waves or fields cannot fill. The gravitational waves should make a similar shadow between the observer and the gravitational center as the laser makes between a light object and the observer. 

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Black holes are like the gravitational version of photonic time crystals. 

The black hole interacts in a similar way as photonic time crystals. The oscillations of photonic time crystals can raise the power of visible light waves exponentially. In the same way, black hole oscillation increases gravitational waves and the gravitational field's power. 

The difference is that photonic time crystals raise the visible light waves and other electromagnetic radiation power. The black hole raises the gravitational wave power. The wavelength is the thing. That differs the electromagnetic waves from gravitational waves. 

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"Researchers showed that a laser beam can sometimes act like a solid object and cast a shadow that is visible to the naked eye. In the picture, the shadow appears as the horizontal line traversing the blue background. Credit: R. A. Abrahao, H. P. N. Morin, J. T. R. Pagé, A. Safari, R. W. Boyd, J. S. Lundeen" (ScitechDaily, Lasers That Cast Shadows? Physics Takes a Surprising Turn)

The question is where the black hole sends that energy. Theoretically, the black hole should get so much energy that it simply blows away. But there is something where that energy goes. 

All information that we have about the internal structures of the event horizon, the point where escaping velocity reaches the speed of light is hypothetical.

The weakness in the model of singularity is this. The singularity is where all particles and quantum fields form the structure, where those things are one entirety. That means the singularity should be smooth. If the object is totally smooth, that thing means that the interaction between the quantum fields is not visible. 

The roughness in the surface of the particle is the thing. That causes the wave that we see. If there is not a single roughness. That means there is a point that can push the wave to the quantum field. That means there must be some kind of structure in the particle. That we can see it. In models, singularity looks like a yarn ball where the superstrings are intertwined around each other. 

In some models, the center of those supermassive objects sends wave movement through their structures. That means that if there is some kind of structure like a particle or superstring radiation creates the shadow in those points. The high-power energy rays travel out from the structure. The shadow at the point of the superstring pulls radiation to the object. 

Then if all radiation flees from the point of the spin axle that thing pulls fields into it. That means that the spin stores energy into the singularity. Then if that energy flees from one point. The outcoming energy tries to fill that area and takes particles with it. Another possibility is that the energy level in the black hole rises so high that it loses the ability to interact with the 3D universe. And that means it jumps to the fourth dimension. 

"“This work could lead to the first experimental realization of photonic time crystals, propelling them into practical applications and potentially transforming industries,” says Professor Viktar Asadchy from Aalto University, Finland. Credit: Xuchen Wang / Aalto University" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Create Photonic Time Crystals That Amplify Light Exponentially).  In the same way as photonic time crystals raise the power of the light. The black holes can increase the power of gravity. 

We can think that black holes are like photonic time crystals. Photonic time crystals raise the light's energy exponentially. The same effect makes black holes raise the gravitational field's power exponentially. 

When we think about the black hole's event horizon we can see that this thing oscillates. That means the black hole acts a little bit like time crystals. The energy, or wave movement, that is trapped in the event horizon gets energy from that oscillation. 

So. The black hole pumps energy into wave movement inside its event horizon just like the time crystal pumps energy into wave movement that is in the photonic time crystal. Same way as photonic time crystals can increase the power of light or light waves exponentially the black hole can raise the power of gravity waves exponentially. 

The new stunning simulations and observations about the light and its behavior tell about the black holes. If we think that gravity is the kinetic energy that the gravitational center collects from its environment and then aims at the middle of the object, we can think. This kind of thing can be the reason for gravitation's unique ability. 

Maybe we can use this model with the neutron stars. But can we use it with black holes? Black holes are so dense that all quantum fields and subatomic particles are in one entirety called singularity. In some models, the fast-spinning singularity aims energy to its spin axle. 

But then we must realize that there are much more stronger forces than neutron stars. The transition disk that orbits around the black hole and its event horizon is much larger than people normally think. We can say that the spiral galaxy is the supermassive black hole's transition disk. 

When material and energy fall in the black hole it should follow the spiral trajectory. That means there forms electromagnetic shadows behind those particles and they pull the quantum fields inside a black hole. 

However, that shadow and extremely dense material cause the energy and material to travel to the spin axle. There forms a small vacuum at the spin poles of that thing. And those vacuums pull fields and material to the "poles" of that thing. That is one thing that can help to make about the internal structure of the black hole. 

https://scitechdaily.com/caltech-astrophysicists-flip-black-hole-theories-with-stunning-new-simulations/

https://scitechdaily.com/lasers-that-cast-shadows-physics-takes-a-surprising-turn/