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sunnuntai 23. helmikuuta 2025

The 1932 observation may make fundamental advances to quantum computing.


"A research team at Aalto University has unlocked a way to transition between quantum energy levels more efficiently, bypassing conventional constraints. Their technique enables more robust control over quantum systems, with potential benefits for quantum computing. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, A 1932 Discovery Is Rewriting the Future of Quantum Computing)

"Physicists at Aalto University have reimagined a fundamental quantum process first discovered in 1932, making it possible to transition between energy levels in quantum systems in a way that was previously forbidden. Using a superconducting circuit, they demonstrated a method to bypass an intermediate energy state without directly interacting with it—an advancement that could lead to more powerful and efficient quantum computing." (ScitechDaily, A 1932 Discovery Is Rewriting the Future of Quantum Computing)

Researchers at Aalto University discovered an idea, of how to avoid the interim between two energy levels.  The problem with quantum computing is how to make the quantum travel between two energy levels or energy spaces and avoid the space where the quantum is in those two energy levels at the same time. 

"The team managed to take the device from its ground energy level to what is known as the second excited level, even though no direct coupling between the levels exists. This was done by simultaneously applying two Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana processes. The first excited state was left empty at the end of the protocol, as if it had been skipped entirely. The technique circumvents a physics constraint that forbids going from the ground level to the second level directly. The result is a more robust and information-efficient protocol that could be applied to domains like quantum computers to increase their power."(ScitechDaily, A 1932 Discovery Is Rewriting the Future of Quantum Computing)

When a particle is in the interim it conducts energy through it and that destroys the particle itself or the quantum entanglement between those particles. We can think of the interim as the point where the particle faces the Earth's atmosphere when it arrives at the Earth. 

The atmosphere is the interim between space and water. And that thing causes that energy to travel out from a particle or object. The interim is the thing that disturbs information on the particle's shell. We can think that quantum interim is the terminator, the border of the night and day on planets. When the particle is in the same time in two energy levels it causes "quantum wind" that destroys information on the particle's shell. 

That interim is the situation where particles are hot and cold at the same time. Energy or quantum wind travels to the lower energy side of the particle. And then. It can focus on one spot. That spot forms the quantum dot, that can superposition to the shell of another particle. But if the system stores information in the shell of the particle the energy must stand in its original form before it starts to create superposition and quantum entanglement between those quantum dots. 

The problem is that the energy, or information must be in a stable position. Or frozen before the quantum entanglement is formed. 

There is a possibility that the system can cover particles with quantum dots. Then it can press those quantum dots and that way deny the interim. When we think about energy levels all energy levels are separated. That means all levels are levels. Even small differences in energy levels make energy move. 

“Researchers developed an electric control pulse that changes the state of the qubit from the ground level to the second by using a virtual process involving the first level. There are many benefits to our method, including that we don’t need to know the transition frequency perfectly, but a rough estimate is enough” (ScitechDaily, A 1932 Discovery Is Rewriting the Future of Quantum Computing)

"“Usually, if you have a multilevel system, you can of course put some radiation in, but you will most likely excite a lot of states that you may not want. Our result shows how to target very precisely the intended state, even in systems with frequency drift. Imagine that you are scanning for your preferred radio station: our method would allow you to jump over frequencies and listen to the one you like even if you cannot tune in very precisely,” (ScitechDaily, A 1932 Discovery Is Rewriting the Future of Quantum Computing)


https://scitechdaily.com/a-1932-discovery-is-rewriting-the-future-of-quantum-computing/

tiistai 10. joulukuuta 2024

Google's new quantum chip called "Willow" is the revolutionizing tool for quantum computing.


"Willow chip outpaces all known supercomputers, offering insights into future technologies that could change the world". (InterestingEngineering, Google’s new quantum chip ‘Willow’ beats supercomputers by 10 septillion years)

Google describes its new Willow chip like this: 

Google blog says that Willow has state-of-the-art performance across several metrics, enabling two major achievements.

"The first is that Willow can reduce errors exponentially as we scale up using more qubits. This cracks a key challenge in quantum error correction that the field has pursued for almost 30 years. (Google Blog, Meet Willow, our state-of-the-art quantum chip).

"Second, Willow performed a standard benchmark computation in under five minutes that would take one of today’s fastest supercomputers 10 septillion (that is, 1025) years — a number that vastly exceeds the age of the Universe. (Google Blog, Meet Willow, our state-of-the-art quantum chip).

The Willow chip is the size of a Critter chocolate slab. It has 105 qubits. And every single qubit has two states. So. The Willow chip has 2^105 quantum states. And the power of the chip is impressive. The Willow beats supercomputers in 10 septrillion years. That means it makes calculations that supercomputers calculate the rest o of the universe's age in five minutes. 

That means the Willow can be used to break any code on the Earth. It can make impressive simulations and many other things. And maybe quite soon. We will get our first personal quantum computers. The nanotechnology in coolers and pressure systems makes it possible to create small thermos spaces. 


 (InterestingEngineering, Google’s new quantum chip ‘Willow’ beats supercomputers by 10 septillion years)


Those thermos spaces allow to creation portable combination of high-pressure and low-temperature spaces where superconduction is possible. The combination of high pressure and low temperature would give an impressive opportunity to create small portable quantum computers whose size is the same as traditional servers. The nanotubes or graphene fullerene tubes can support the small metal tubes. That makes those systems quite safe. 

The thing is that the Chinse are made of 504 qubit quantum computers in the Chinese National Computer Institute. And those systems are things that have many civil and military applications. The high-power quantum computers can have much more power than the portable personal quantum computers. Even a small quantum computer can break any code that is made using binary computers. 

One of the things that makes quantum computers problematic is that they are so powerful. Those systems require error detection but they are effective. The multi-state quantum computers that the powerful AI controls can use the acceleration protocol to detect and solve errors. The acceleration model means that the system makes the solution using low speed. When it checks the answer the system accelerates its speed. It can also use two quantum lines or two different quantum computers at the same time. 

The problem with quantum computers is that they need binary computers as the input and output tools. The quantum computer is a tool that can be powerful. However, it requires operating systems and morphing neural networks to drive the programs inside the quantum core. The neural network observes and controls the qubits in the system. 

But when we think of tools like distributing computing we can have more powerful tools that nobody ever imagined. The distributing quantum computers. Networked quantum computers can be the most powerful calculation tool that we ever imagine. This is why. Researchers and developers are working with quantum networks. The quantum networks allow to transmission of data in the form of qubits. 

Or in a long-distance quantum entanglement. That makes it possible for quantum computers can exchange data straight in the quantum mode. That removes the bottleneck of binary computers from communication between systems. When data is once driven to the quantum state next time the system requires a binary state is when the quantum computer delivers processed data to a screen or printer.  


https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c791ng0zvl3o


https://blog.google/technology/research/google-willow-quantum-chip/


https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/google-willow-quantum-chip


https://www.quantamagazine.org/quantum-computers-cross-critical-error-threshold-20241209/


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