The Russian and Soviet space weapon projects started in the 1960s. At that time the Soviet military tested ways to destroy enemy satellites using kinetic weapons. U.S. and Soviets tested the way to shut down enemy defense using the EMP pulses. The EMP pulse satellite can be the nuclear bomb that detonates over enemy territory.
That system destroys the electronics immediately. In the 1962 nuclear test "Starfish Prime" demonstrated the power of those EMP weapons. The U.S. military detonated a 1,4 Mt. thermonuclear weapon in space over the City of Honolulu. That nuclear detonator shut down all electricity from the city and launched burglary alarms. That test was made in the 1960s when the electronics were as vulnerable to the EMP as they are today.
X-37B
One of the problems with space nukes is how to return them to the ground. If one nuclear weapon-armed satellite gets out of control and returns to the atmosphere without control. That system can deliver plutonium all over the land. The system can be a miniature shuttle like X37B or some of its Chinese variants. Rockets can transport those systems to the orbiter. And wait for orders to attack.
The miniature shuttle acts as a super kamikaze drone that can destroy targets on the ground. The hit angle that those systems can use can be surprising. The low hit angle causes trouble for defense. That system can return to a normal airfield. For service and repairments. The miniature shuttle can also carry ASAT weapons like kinetic energy systems and lasers.
The ASAT satellites can have the "Kill system", like lasers or kinetic energy weapons. Or operators can drive them to collide with other satellites. The ASAT system can also carry kinetic systems. Those systems can involve steel balls. That is packed into the rocket's nose. When a rocket releases those steel balls. They can fill the orbiter with debris. That makes it impossible to use it. When those steel balls orbit in the opposite direction to the targeted satellites and impact them, that impact destroys those targets immediately.
The Soviet military had three main types of space weapons programs.
1) ASAT, Anti-Satellite weapon projects.
2) ABM, Anti-Ballistic missile projects.
3) FOBS, Fractional orbital bombardment systems.
The FOBS involves two types of subsystems.
A) The bombardment system that means bombs or missiles that can be launched from orbital satellites.
B) The EMP Weapons. Which means the satellite carries a nuclear weapon. That detonates in the satellite. Unlike in the movie "Goldeneye," the satellite doesn't necessarily remove its shell before it detonates in the trajectory. That means those satellites whose mission is to destroy other satellites and enemy electronics can detonate almost without warning. In real life, those systems require the trigger signal.
That command center cannot send signals straight to another side of the world. It must use the chain of the communication satellites. Or hide the command system in the embassy or establish a control station on another side of the world. So, could the Russian SIGINT station at Lourdes, Cuba have some role with the EMP weapon systems? Also, the command center can be on ships.
All of those programs involved space, aircraft, ship, and land-based kinetic energy, laser, and radio-wave-based systems. The mission of those systems was to disturb and knock out enemy (NATO) satellites. Soviets used land-based lasers against the low-flying recon satellites by pointing laser weapons at them.
And laser systems disturb those satellite cameras. The purpose of those lasers was to blind satellites. When the contract of the space demilitarization was made that contract prohibited weapons from space. But it's possible that the Soviets and maybe some other countries continued those weapon tests in silence.
The case Kosmos 954 was a satellite that fell to Canada in 1977. The recon satellite used a nuclear reactor as a power source. And that caused questions about the purpose of that satellite. Officially Kosmos 954 was a radar recon satellite that needed that power for its radar. But it's possible that the Kosmos 954 could have some kind of electromagnetic pulse, or EMP weapon. The EMP weapon that bases the high-power radio impulse, and double pole radio waves that cause electric arc to other satellites can damage other satellites. The question is: Was that nuclear reactor used for that kind of weapon?
Soviets also had a program called ALMAZ. That program consisted of space stations and satellites. It's possible that some of those satellites and space stations included the ASAT role. Soviets also tested miniature shuttles like the MiG-105 "Spiral". Those miniature shuttles could be used against satellites. But those small vehicles can also operate as "supercruise missiles" or hypersonic missiles.
Miniature shuttles can drop normal bombs that are equipped with heat shields. Or they can carry internal nuclear weapons, that the system detonates in the right altitude. The shuttle can act as a super kamikaze drone that slides against its targets like military bases or cities.
The new Kosmos 2553 causes questions.
The unusual orbital trajectory tells us that there is something. That should not be in that satellite. There is a possibility that the Kosmos 2553 could be some kind of test bed for the ASAT or FOBS satellite. The satellite can detonate internal nuclear weapons at the orbiter. That detonation causes an EMP-impulse that can destroy electronics all around the world.
The EMP weapon that suddenly detonates over the USA can shut down its electric supply and cause critical damage to the military and civil aircraft. The Kosmos 2553 causes a critical need to put the anti satellite systems in the orbiter. And that accelerates the arms race in space.
The ground-based systems do not have enough time to react if the Kosmos 2553 type satellite suddenly detonates over the USA; that system can critically damage the U.S. or Europe's defense.
The nuclear weapon that detonates at the front of the missile mass-raid can also detonate and damage many of those missiles. The EMP satellite can have two roles. To destroy opponents' missiles when they rise over the atmosphere and suppress the enemy's ability to use air defense.
The new problem that we should consider is nuclear air-to-air missiles. The nuclear warhead gives those missiles the multirole capacity. The aircraft can use those small nuclear missiles against all targets. The nuclear air-to-air missile can destroy ships, troops, and cities as well as destroy aerial targets.
Those nuclear missiles are suitable for space weapons. The spaceborne satellite that looks like "Katyusha" rocket mortars can carry those missiles. And that gives that kind of system an ultimate strike ability. Russians say that they will give funds for those kinds of weapon systems that can be dangerous against all other things in space, land, and sea. The space-launched nuclear missile can destroy submarines if its warhead detonates under the sea.
https://breakingdefense.com/2024/05/is-russias-cosmos-2553-satellite-a-test-for-a-future-orbital-nuclear-weapon/
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-14160829/Putins-nuclear-star-wars-threat-West-Kremlins-mysterious-Cosmos-2553-satellite-fitted-dummy-warhead-forerunner-nuke-wipe-rival-spacecraft-cause-chaos-Earth.html
https://interestingengineering.com/military/russian-space-weapon-satellite-failure
https://www.twz.com/air/russia-fielding-new-nuclear-armed-air-to-air-missiles-us-intel
https://www.twz.com/space/putting-missile-interceptors-in-space-critical-to-defending-u-s-citizens-space-force-boss
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaz
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_954
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starfish_Prime
Images: DailyMail.
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