Genetically engineered super soldiers might come soon.

Another thing that causes worries is the genetic engineering. And its military use. The genetically engineered super soldiers might be under development in China and maybe some other countries. The idea of the super soldiers is actually from ancient Sparta. The idea was that the most capable men made children with the most capable women. Those women were sisters of the other capable people. The idea is that a military leader who has Einstein's brain and a dog's obedience would be a very good tool for military forces. 

Those soldiers can be created using genome therapy. Or they can be artificially cloned people. 

The idea was that the Spartans selected the soldiers whose skills and courage were battle-proven. The Spartans chose the sisters or cousins of those soldiers for mothers for children that the battle-proven soldiers gave to that city, whose militarism was well-known. Another very scary and brutal idea was given by the SS leader Heinrich Himmler. 

The idea of the werewolves or human dogs means soldiers who make everything that their leaders say. They don't excuse orders and that's why dictators like Stalin and Hitler have been interested in that kind of thing. 

The idea was that the sperm and eggs of the toughest soldiers and the last-standing concentration camp prisoners were frozen in liquid nitrogen. And then after a couple of generations, the developers use those gametes for artificial fertilization and make the toughest soldiers. The idea was that the soldiers should be like wolves. They should follow their leaders anytime and anywhere there they want. 

That they can imagine. Another brutal idea was given by Joseph Stalin. The idea is known as "Monkey soldiers". The idea was that the Soviet scientists make a hybrid creature by connecting monkeys and humans. The idea was to create soldiers. That makes only things that Stalin and his staff ordered. 

A person named Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov (1870-1931) made experiments. There he tried to transfer a dog's head to a monkey's body. The idea of the humanzee is from the pen of Ivanov. The humanzee or monkey soldier would be the soldier that follows orders like a dog. 

The idea is similar to horse breeding. Researchers choose the people who have similar abilities that they want. 

And then they just use laboratory fertilization for those gametes. Researchers can use things like tables to select the right gametes for the process. 

But when we think about things. Like modern biotechnology people like Himmler and Stalin had no access to genomes. 

Modern researchers have access to genetic material that they can connect as they want and that makes it possible to connect the genome that makes wolves follow their leaders to the human genetic material. This is one thing to make sure that the army follows the orders. 

When we think about Humzees the human-ape hybrid. We might say that those things are against the human nature. We can say that those things are nonethical science. And then we can prohibit them in law. But then we must realize that people like North Korean leaders don't care about even their own laws. And also the military interest goes above regular rules in China and many other non-democratic countries. 

https://interestingengineering.com/military/china-genetically-enhanced-super-soldiers

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/national-security/china-has-done-human-testing-create-biologically-enhanced-super-soldiers-n1249914

https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/21697847/mankind-apocalyptic-biowars-2050-super-soldiers/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanzee

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Ivanov

The next step is the Chinese robot army.

One of China's priorities in AI is to create a robot army with advanced AI control. The difference between Western nations and China is that the military and security needs are always over the law. There are no rules or limits on how those authorities can collect personal information. 

The Chinese military plans to make an autonomous robot army. Those robots can use even Kung Fu. All robots do not look like humans. Robot dogs can be very versatile systems. Those systems can cooperate with drones that can carry them to roofs and other places where they can make unexpected things. In that case, those robots can operate as teams with quadcopters. 

The robot army is the next logical step in robot and AI development. SciFi writer Isaac Asimov introduced that horrible vision in his novel "The Naked Sun". In that novel, the fictional planet called "Solaria" created the robot mass-army. 

That vision is coming into reality. The AI or large language model, LLM, is a tool that can be used to command any robot in the world. The only thing that the robot requires is an Internet connection. The house-keeping robots like robot hovers are excellent tools for house-keeping. But the question is always: what else does the system make than just clean houses? 

The robot can transmit every single word that person says to the surveillance room. The LLM operates through the modified speech-to-text and text-to-speech applications. The system can select and link certain words to the third party. That party can be the security police. So you can ask yourself why Chinese authorities support a marketing policy, that every single Chinese must get their own tablet computer and own little robot at home. 

The humanoid robots or man-shaped robots are the Swiss army knives for people. Those robots can use any tool and weapon that humans use. The humanoid robots can operate in dangerous places like highly polluted areas. Those robots can operate as housekeepers and they can visit to shop for people. But those robots can also operate as fighter pilots. 

They can connect themselves to the aircraft's communication- and computing units. The humanoid robot can communicate with other systems like drones, satellite surveillance cameras, and even mobile telephones. The humanoid robot can operate as a bodyguard. The difference between people and robots is that robot's skills are computer programs. And robot's mass memories are not like human memory. The operator can erase mission recordings after the robot does its job. 

The robot with an image sensor can recognize any target from the streets. So when a robot recognizes the "enemy" it just can attack the target. And the biggest difference between humans and robots is this: robots have no conscience. That means the robot always does its mission. So, the bodyguard robot can also have a mission to deny things like leaps to the opposite side. So, if high-ranking people talk about prohibited things those robots can arrest them. 

The robot can have a so-called ghost protocol. That means that if the person who owns a robot acts against the state, that thing like wrong words activates that attack mode. Another risk is this: if the robot comes from a country that goes to war with the country where it's shipped the seller can simply download an attack program to the robot. The humanoid robot can look like a dummy or lay figure. When the operational order comes those dummies can jump through windows and march to the gun store. And that is one of the darkest visions in robotics. 

https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2025/04/chinas-military-aims-harness-coming-chatgpt-robotics/404811/

https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/world/us-report-reveals-china-s-plans-to-develop-an-army-of-robot-soldiers-with-advanced-ai/ar-AA1DyCku?ocid=BingNewsSerp

https://www.newsweek.com/china-killer-robots-unitree-robotics-191756

The new metal alloy can keep its form in a very long temperature scale.

"A POSTECH research team has developed a nickel-based high-entropy alloy (HEA) that maintains its strength and ductility across extreme temperatures from -196 °C to 600 °C. This temperature-insensitive “Hyperadaptor” alloy, reinforced by nanoscale precipitates, shows promise for aerospace, automotive, and energy applications. (Artist’s concept). Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Korean Scientists Develop Super Metal That Remains Strong No Matter the Temperature)

The Korean researchers created a new metal that keeps its strength and ductility from -196C to 600 Celsius. That metal can give new tools for aeronautics. And some other technologies. 

That new metal can have potential in some gas tanks. Or in some sensors. When the temperature rises higher level than 600 degrees that metal can melt and then let air travel to the sensor. The metal is called a nickel-based high-entropy alloy HEA. The HEA itself is a pilot material that can used in systems that warn the layer overheating. The idea is the same as the wood metal in sprinkler systems. 

The wood's metal melts at 71C. And that metal is used to close sprinkler ventilation. When a fire starts to burn temperature melts the metal and allows the water to go to the flame. 

The 600C melting  HEA metal can burn or melt away from the layer. 

That opens the sensor to the outer air. And the system can begin counteractions against overheating. 

The problem is that the new metal alloy cannot keep its abilities. If there is liquid hydrogen whose temperature is -253C. The liquid hydrogen requires a new tank solution. 

And one possible solution is the so-called thermos solution. The tank would have one or more vacuum layers between the liquid hydrogen and outside it. New nanotechnical and quantum materials are the tools that make the dream of a new type of airplane or so-called space planes real. The problem is that the temperature outside the aircraft changes from melting heat to freezing cold. 

Another possible solution for the high-speed flight's temperature problem can be the active freezer. The active freezer allows the ram-air or freezing cold gas from the tank to travel below the layer. That liquid, very cold gas can pull thermal energy in it. That liquid gas can be stored in the tank. 

https://scitechdaily.com/korean-scientists-develop-super-metal-that-remains-strong-no-matter-the-temperature/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood%27s_metal

Modern technology and private espionage.

 

When we think about private espionage as the espionage that private companies make, we can say that companies like Satlantis,  SpaceX and IceEye can be the next step for private espionage. Those companies can provide satellite and radar satellite services. That can beat the national espionage programs. 

IceEye's radar satellites show their capacity in the Ukrainian war. Those radar satellites can see Russian convoys. The Starlink system can also route all information that travels through it to its operators. The private ELINT satellite can be a reprogrammed Starlink-type communication satellite. 

Some companies provide high-resolution images from the ground. They operate highly advanced satellites. The first of those commercial high-resolution that provide quite high-resolution images was Ikonos. The Ikonos launched into space in 1999 and it retired in 2015.  The resolution of those images that this civil geo-observing satellite could provide is about 1-1,5 meters. And that was a very high-resolution system.  But its successors are more advanced. 

Today satellites are more advanced than Ikonos. Those satellites' sensors are more effective than the Ikonos ever been. Those systems can take images of about 30cm in size tells those satellite's marketing page. Things like spectroscopes can offer a view of the chemical compounds that the engine exhaust gas involves. 

When we think about free-to-use services like Google Earth. It is always mentioned. That the data that those services publish cannot harm anybody. 

Things like military bases are not updated very often. The image below is taken from Google Earth and it's from the Severomorsk area. Details are taken by zooming those Google Earth images. 

Above: Google Earth image of Severomorsk. 

That service can also provide information about the classified areas. The data is not the newest possible, but it involves interesting details. The satellites. Advanced computers, AI, and radar technology allow the creation of remotely or automatically (AI) controlled airships or stratospheric satellites that can offer very high-resolution radars, lidar, and optical images.  

Computer-based systems can connect data from satellites and stratospheric satellites. The new artificial intelligence-based solutions that can remove pixels for zoom images open new visions to private espionage. 

Private espionage is the most interesting and dangerous thing in the world. Any private investigator can buy things like drones and mobile telephones and take images of the objects. The drone can carry microphones or the private eye can use laser microphones or hack the surveillance cameras. There are also things like intelligent glasses that private espionage people can use to film offices. Then the operators can find interesting details from those films. 

They can slip mobile telephones. That are polluted with malicious software into the office. 

And that's why. Some people are worried about the free electronics. Like tablets. That the Chinese online stores offer. 

The fact is that. It's possible to slip an espionage program into those systems. And that system can act as a gate for hackers. 

https://www.freethink.com/artificial-intelligence/private-intelligence

https://www.iceye.com

https://www.worldview.space/remote-sensing

https://www.satimagingcorp.com/satellite-sensors/ikonos/

https://www.satlantis.com

https://www.starlink.com/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikonos 

The new AI-based tools can make fundamental advances in astronomy.

"A new AI called Urania is transforming gravitational wave detection by designing superior, sometimes bizarre detectors that challenge current scientific understanding. The best designs are now shared for global research. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, When Machines Dream: AI Designs Strange New Tools to Listen to the Cosmos)

"Einstein imagined gravitational waves over a hundred years ago, but it wasn’t until 2016 that technology finally caught up. Now, researchers are pushing the boundaries again – this time with the help of an AI named Urania." (ScitechDaily, When Machines Dream: AI Designs Strange New Tools to Listen to the Cosmos)

Developed by Dr. Mario Krenn and his team, Urania has designed a series of novel gravitational wave detectors that not only match but often exceed the capabilities of existing human-made concepts. What’s most fascinating is that the AI didn’t just replicate known strategies – it invented brand new ones, some of which scientists don’t yet fully understand. These discoveries are now publicly available in a “Detector Zoo,” hinting at a bold new era where machines innovate and humans interpret." (ScitechDaily, When Machines Dream: AI Designs Strange New Tools to Listen to the Cosmos)

Gravitational waves are a fundamental tool. Suppose researchers want to observe and research things like neutron stars and black holes. The problem is that the black hole's eruption gives information to another wavelength than just gravitational waves. 

Things like gravitational waves can be a new threat to data security in quantum computing. Gravitational waves can shake superpositioned and entangled photons and disturb data transmission in the quantum computer and quantum network. Another phenomenon that can be  

The AI-based systems can make sensor fusion to connect all data from different sensors from radio- and optical telescopes to the gravitational wave detectors. That system fusion allows to creation of new models of how to predict the gravitational waves and things that are connected with it. 

The gravitational waves form in high-energy reactions like neutron stars and black hole collisions. Things like gamma-ray bursts (GRB) X-ray bursts (XRB) and fast radio bursts (FRB) are also connected with the high energy reactions. 

The interesting thing is this: the object sends those bursts when it releases energy. So lonely black hole sends gravity waves when energy injection in the black hole ends. The energy bursts follow each other in the series where the highest energy radiation comes first. Then the energy level in those bursts decreases. 

So, the AI can predict which of those bursts and the gravity waves are connected with each other. In the most exciting vision, the FRB happens just after the gravity wave bursts. And if we someday can predict that energy impulse and its route that allows us to make the system that captures that energy. The FRB can also damage the quantum computers or disturb their operations. So predicting that is very important if we someday make spaceborne quantum computers. 

If researchers can predict the FRB and its route, maybe someday in the future we can use at least the FRB as an energy source. 

The FRB must be trapped by the radio antenna. And then that energy must conduct to the battery. Basically, we have technology that can trap the FRB. But prediction of those radio bursts is not very easy to make. If the system traps about 20% of the radio burst that can solve part of Earth's energy problems. Capturing that thing can happen by using a satellite group that is positioned in the FRB route.  But those are the futuristic visions. 

 https://scitechdaily.com/when-machines-dream-ai-designs-strange-new-tools-to-listen-to-the-cosmos/

New brain implants can restore hearing without side effects.

"A soft, silicone-based brainstem implant from ( Swiss Federal Technology Institute of Lausanne) EPFL shows major promise in restoring hearing for patients with severe nerve damage, outperforming traditional ABIs in comfort and sound precision. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Beyond Cochlear Implants: A Flexible Brainstem Device Restores Hearing Without Side Effects)

New, flexible, and thin materials make the brain-computer interface, BCI more effective,  flexible, and comfortable than old-fashioned systems. The new systems can restore, hearing or vision for humans who lost those senses. The new and effective BCI systems help to control computers in new and powerful ways. 

Those kinds of new interfaces are connected with other output devices and they can operate along with things like touch screens. Those systems can make it possible to control things like aircraft systems in a very flexible way. The BCI that is connected to computers or mobile devices can give humans access to the net anywhere they want. Those systems can give new types of experiences.

Between the internet, computers, and humans. That system can give new experiences for the enhanced, augmented, and virtual realities. The BCI system can create an experience where a person flows or flies through the metaverse. 

Those BCI systems can remotely control any device in the world. And it makes it possible. Humans can virtually teleport themselves to any city in the world. They can create virtual worlds or make many other things in the virtual entirety called metaverse. The metaverse means the hybrid reality where systems connect virtual and real elements. In the metaverse, people can feel like Superman who flies through the virtual universe. 

The virtual universe can be created from the information that the satellites and space telescopes collect. The system can create things like virtual houses and even cities there are the architects and why not, gamers can walk like being physically in those models. The area and accuracy of the metaverse depend on the computer's power. The BCI can cooperate with other user interfaces. 

The metaverse can turn into a matryoshka reality. In that type of metaverse is possible that the person can be lost in the internal virtual and half-virtual spaces. The metaverse is the platform that allows a user to connect real and virtual elements into the space. There are no limits for the metaverse. 

When we think about those visions the metaverse and BCI are tools that allow the person to connect themselves to the cameras anywhere in the Earth. They can control any device. And the BCI-based metaverse has one problem. There is the possibility that the person will not know what is true and what is virtual reality. In that model, the metaverse is like Matryoshka reality. The system can create multiple internal realities. And it's possible. That person will be lost in that thing. It's possible. That person cannot separate the internal realities from the real world. 

https://www.epfl.ch/en/

https://scitechdaily.com/beyond-cochlear-implants-a-flexible-brainstem-device-restores-hearing-without-side-effects/

Do we have the right to colonize other worlds?

When we think about the colonization of Mars, the asteroid belt, or even our entire solar system. 

Sometimes we ask, do we have the right to do that? The answer is this. Why don't we do that? If there are no life forms. Those minerals and materials can solve at least part of the human needs. And if our population grows like it grows today. We should think about colonizing other planets. But those days are far in the future. 

The other planets like terraforming Venus. Martian cities under the large diamond glass domes can help with some problems. Those laboratories can help to find out was there is ever life on Mars. 

Image 2. Magnetic railgun can shoot shuttles to space from Mars. 

The Mars base can use the shuttles to transport people and cargo to the Mars orbital. The launch site might be the crater of the Olympos Mons. The rocket engine can use a nano-carbon-oxygen mixture as fuel. 

Another way is to make the magnetic accelerator the giant "rail gun" to the Olympos Mons's slopes. And that giant railgun can shoot the shuttle into the orbiter. There the shuttle will dock with the nuclear rocket that transports cargo to Earth. 

The fact is that if we want to solve overpopulation problems we should make real maga-scale space colonies. 

So maybe we can't solve overpopulation problems by transporting people to other planets. That requires so much investment that there are no resources for that. 

But that thing brings glory and gold to people who create the stable, manned laboratory on the Red Planet. Venus's highlands can also be a good place to make some kind of laboratories. 

Those laboratories can use the carbon monoxide from Venus's atmosphere as the oxygen source. The system conducts carbon monoxide from the lowlands to the separation system, which separates oxygen from carbon. 

And otherwise, things like space defense against asteroids require those colonies. 

The space colonies can host people who search for minerals and other useful things in the asteroid belt. And they can warn. If something dangerous comes to our solar system. 

But the other thing that boosts the space colonies is the glory. The nation that makes the first stable station to Mars will get glory and gold. And the first colonies on other planets will be space laboratories. The fact is that the space industry requires those bases. 

The other planets and asteroid belt can help to solve the problems. With the natural resources. The spacecraft can pull asteroids to the Earth's orbiter. There the system cuts it into pieces with lasers. 

And then some capsules bring those pieces to the ground. 

The Kuiper belt could be an excellent place for space telescopes. Those telescopes can search other worlds. That position offers a new view of our solar system. 

But they can also warn about things like incoming rogue planets. The Kuiper Belt is an excellent place to put the quantum computer centers. And maybe the high-power data centers will be built in there. 

If we want to colonize the entire solar system we should create things like antimatter drive. The antimatter system can load antimatter for antimatter rockets by transporting spacecraft near planet Mercury. There the thin gold layer can transform the solar wind particles into antimatter. 

Then that antimatter will be stored in the magnetic chamber. Then those positrons or antiprotons will be shot into the rocket engine combustion chamber. That kind of rocket can open the route to the entire solar system. But the stars are a little bit too far. 

The military bases in space. 

The thing there we need in space colonies is scientific. We hope that humans will be civilized and don't put nukes in space. But the arms race goes to space. Things like fractional orbital bombardment systems that mean the nuclear warheads positioned on Earth orbital forces nations to create things like killer satellites. Those satellite's mission is to offer rapid reaction capacity for defenders. The purpose of a killer satellite is that the system destroys the FOBS weapon before the enemy launches it. 

The Moonbase can also serve as a military application. It can observe Earth. And in some horrifying visions, the Pershing- or SS-20-type missiles will be positioned on the Moon. The missile base on the moon is one of the most horrifying things that humans ever created. In some visions, those nukes can be put in nuclear-powered vehicles that can wait on the dark side of the moon. When the launching order comes the system can drive those vehicles into the shooting position and open fire. Those missiles can use nuclear- or kinetic energy warheads. 

Images: Gemini AI. 

What if we turn CO2 into fuel or explosives?

"Researchers in Japan developed a fast, efficient method to convert CO₂ into carbon monoxide using a low-cost catalyst, cutting processing time from 24 hours to just 15 minutes. Their spray-based technique not only meets industrial standards but also outperforms all previous similar catalysts, offering a major step forward in sustainable fuel production."(CoPc) crystals. Credit: Hiroshi Yabu et al." (ScitechDaily, New Tech Turns CO₂ Into Fuel in Minutes)

Turning CO2 into fuel is one of the most interesting things that can slow the greenhouse effect. The system must only separate carbon from oxygen. And then keep those atoms close enough that they can burn. The problem has been how to make that in real life. There is the possibility to make "explosive diamonds" by using some new technologies. 

There is the possibility. That the next-generation aerial vehicles use carbon as fuel. In those systems, carbon can be packed into the nano-size particles. Those particles can be smaller than the smoke. The engine conducts that nano-smoke into the combustion chamber. 

"Fabrication method of gas diffusion electrodes modified with metal phthalocyanine crystals, and the characteristics and performance when using cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) crystals. Credit: Hiroshi Yabu et al." (ScitechDaily, New Tech Turns CO₂ Into Fuel in Minutes)

Then the system injects pure oxygen into them. 

The system must only make the carbon crystal there are oxygen atoms between carbon atoms. That kind of thing can give a very high-power explosion. There is a test using carbon-oxygen chains to create new types of very effective explosives that can beat even the RDX. The problem is that the new explosives don't need even nitrogen to catalyze the reaction. 

"Image. Graphical abstract of the Skoltech study showing some of the possible carbon oxides in the range probed by the researchers: no more than 16 oxygen atoms, possibly zero atoms of either element. Credit: Elizaveta Vaneeva et al./Materials Today Energy" (ScitechDaily, Rivaling TNT: Scientists Discover Bizarre “Magic Molecules” With Explosive Potential)

In those explosives, the reaction where carbon joins oxygen happens in so large area. Where the explosion is powerful. We can think possibility of making a molecule like graphene. But in that molecule, every carbon is connected with oxygen. 

If oxygen joins carbon at the same time over the entire layer. That gives a powerful explosion. The number of carbon and oxygen atoms that participate in chemical reactions at the same time determines the burning speed and power of the explosions. 

And that makes them slip through explosive detectors. 

Carbon-oxygen chains can also make it possible to create new types of rocket fuels. That rocket fuel fits into new nanotechnical aerial vehicles. Nanotechnology can make carbon-oxygen ladder molecules that the system drives to the combustion chamber. The system can keep that explosive in roll there the engine feeds it into the engine chamber. 

https://scitechdaily.com/new-tech-turns-co₂-into-fuel-in-minutes/

https://scitechdaily.com/rivaling-tnt-scientists-discover-bizarre-magic-molecules-with-explosive-potential/

The Chinese new humanoid robot is impressive.

"Iron is designed to perform complex tasks in smart factories and retail environments." (Interesting Engineering, Iron: China’s humanoid robot gets supercomputer-like brainpower, eagle-eye vision)

The Chinese new humanoid robot is impressive. It has supercomputer brain power and eagle-eye vision. This kind of robot can operate in many roles at home.  The robot can also operate for companies. And the government. 

The humanoid robots can act as cleaners, painters, and personal assistants. There is the possibility that the observers can use those systems as intelligence and surveillance tools. 

The robot shares its sensory data with supercomputers over the networks. That allows the government or private eye to use that robot to read papers. And listen to discussions or act otherwise as a spy.

(https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-humanoid-robot-brainpower-eagle-eye-vision?group=test_b)

We should realize this wisdom. It is more important to think of things that manufacturers or salesmen didn't tell than things that they told. 

If the marketing text says that the robot is suitable for cleaning and other things, we must realize that this thing limits only regular, private users. The government plays in different ways. In China, the government might want to use those systems for espionage and recon missions. 

The fact is this. The humanoid robot can make everything that humans can. The robot can have the microphone in its hands. So it can hear discussions through the wall. The system must put its hand on the wall. Then it can eavesdrop on people on opposite sides. The eagle-eye vision means that the operator can use VR systems with the robot. Those systems make the operator see and hear the same thing. What robot sees and hears. Those robots can act in man

The humanoid robots are excellent tools for work as soldiers and assassination missions. The humanoid robot can have similar target recognition software to the Javelin missile. When the robot sees a target it can activate its shadow protocol. Then it can make the mission. And after that, the robot can clean its memories. 

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-humanoid-robot-brainpower-eagle-eye-vision

The AI requires new hardware. Servers that can run the AI must have a lot of power.

"Scientists have created an ultra-efficient AI accelerator that uses light-based circuits instead of traditional chips—making AI faster, greener, and ready for massive scale. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Scientists have created an ultra-efficient AI accelerator that uses light-based circuits instead of traditional chips—making AI faster, greener, and ready for massive scale. Credit: SciTechDaily.com)

One solution. That can help to save energy. The system recycles the heat of its microprocessors. 

That heat can expand liquids. That is used in freezers. That expanding liquid rotates the generator's wheel. That helps to save energy on those servers. So, operators must bring less energy from outside. 

Temperature makes those servers ineffective. When the temperature rises too high, it slows the computers. Temperature rises oscillation. That raises resistance. The resistance denies the signal going through. 

Or resistance destroys data in the signal. That causes the system. Must raise power to make a signal travel through 

The resistance that temperature damages data structure. That travels in them. So, the system goes in a circle where. It must raise its power to make the signal go through. 

And finally, those wires melt. 

"A Harvard-led team created the first self-contained, chip-based laser that pulses in the mid-infrared – ideal for advanced gas sensing and imaging. This innovation could power next-gen tools for climate science and healthcare. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Harvard Builds Laser the Size of a Chip, Bright Enough to Map Invisible Worlds) The Harvard laser chip can also transmit data into photonic systems and out from it. 

So, the answer to the problem is the photonic microchips. The system can use photons to transmit data to silicone. 

That means. The system can use a photovoltaic phenomenon when it hits the silicone layer. 

There, light forms electric impulses by shooting electrons away from their orbitals. The photonic microchips can advance AI. Those microchips are colder than the electric system. Those photonic systems can operate for a longer time with maximum power than regular microchips. The photonic microchips can use lasers. To transmit data to them. There are three versions of the photonic computers. 

1) In the simplest version.

Data travels between components in laser rays. 

The system can use flat lasers to transmit data between those components. 

2) The system. The internal structure of microchips uses photonics in data handling operations. 

But prisms and mirrors that the system uses as routers and switches. And gates are electrically operated. 

3) All photonic computers: there are laser beams that transport information. Also transmits energy to those microchips. In those systems, miniature crystals can also aim information in the right way

The difference between electric and photonic computers is that data travels in a laser beam in photonic computers. That means there is no resistance. That means photonic computers are more effective than electric computers. And those systems can be the next tool to develop physical systems that can run complex AI-based systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/ai-at-the-speed-of-light-how-silicon-photonics-are-reinventing-hardware/

https://scitechdaily.com/harvard-builds-laser-the-size-of-a-chip-bright-enough-to-map-invisible-worlds/

Large language models (LLM) are impressive. But can the small, compact language model be more effective?

Large language models (LLM) are impressive. But can the small, compact language model be more effective? 

Large language models can search and process any kind of data. That we might need. The thing that makes LLM a little bit complicated. They must analyze the data that they get. And that requires lots of calculation power. That power is not free. The LLM requires an entire group of supercomputers. 

The problem is that those LLMs require the most powerful hardware in the world. Large supercomputers require lots of electricity. 

Those systems use as much electric power as a small city. That means the LLM servers require their own power plants. That's why. Things like miniature nuclear reactors are under research. 

The only realistic way to use LLM is to use them over the net. The private actor doesn't have money for the electric bills that those servers require. And that brings one data vulnerability in the data handling process. When some other actor operates the server, where we share data. That another actor can get access to that data. The ability to bring the language model to its own servers gives the actor full access to the data. That means that the actor who administrates their servers owns and knows everything that the server does. 

The small language models (SLM) can act as multicore AI there each core can operate independently. 

The small language model (SLM) is the answer to that problem. The SLM can be like a droplet that is separated from the LLM. That lightweight language model is the tool that a normal actor can load to the power servers that are used in the CAD program's network use. The SLM is a limited language model used for special purposes. So the LLM can remain in the common use. But in secured use, the SML can be the tool, that is in the future. 

The SLMs can create a new model for the AI core. The SLMs can make it possible to create a multi-core AI system. Those cores can remain on their servers. They can operate independently without affecting other processes. 

The multicore models are tools that can turn the next page for the AI. That system can be more economical and environmentally friendly than the monolithic core. The system can switch unnecessary cores off when the system or users don't need them. 

https://www.wired.com/story/why-researchers-are-turning-to-small-language-models/

Researchers want to transform rain into renewable energy.

Above: Archimedean "Perpetual motion machine". The capillary tube conducts water to the upper tank. The system conducts water from the upper tank over the mill wheel. 

Even Archimedes thought about the possibility of using water power in the watermills in a dry area. 

The idea was that the water would conduct to the pool and then the capillary pipe would rise to the mill wheel.

 Water will return to the pool. This is not a perpetual motion machine because the low-pressure or capillary effect pulls water up. That system gets energy from outside it. And that's why it doesn't break the laws of physics. 

This kind of thing can also be used as a power source. 

"Scientists have found a way to harness electricity from falling water droplets using a new kind of water flow. Their plug flow technique, involving droplets and air pockets moving through a narrow tube, generates significantly more power than previous methods – and could be used even in light rain. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Shocking Simplicity: Scientists Turn Falling Rain Into Renewable Energy)

"Water flowing through a thin, polymer-coated tube in short bursts, or plugs, as demonstrated in these illustrations and images, can produce electricity. Credit: Adapted from ACS Central Science 2025, DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c02110"  (ScitechDaily, Shocking Simplicity: Scientists Turn Falling Rain Into Renewable Energy)

The water flow must just travel over the generator wheel. 

This kind of system can be connected to the water supply system. When water is pulled to the pool or tank it just flows over the generator wheel. 

There is a possibility of turning rain and humidity into renewable energy. In quite a simple way. The system that collects water can also be connected with the system that vaporizes sea water for drinking and plants. The system conducts seawater to the greenhouse where the sun's radiation vaporizes water. Then the water will flow to the drains. And the same way the system can rotate the generators. 

The system must collect water into the tank or drain. And then those tubes drive that water over the generator wheel. That thing makes it possible to use also humidity. As the power source. 

If there are hanging fibers those fibers can also condense water from vapor and then the system can drive that water to those polymer tubes. 

The new system uses thin tubes that collect the water in them. 

Then the water will rotate the generator. The idea is that the system can use the water droplets for energy production. The hanging fibers can collect humidity from the air.

Then it can conduct droplets into those thin polymer tubes. This makes the ability to collect water from the air more effective. That makes it possible to use things like morning humidity for energy production. 

 https://scitechdaily.com/shocking-simplicity-scientists-turn-falling-rain-into-renewable-energy/

Did CERN find a new particle?

"Physicists may have caught a glimpse of the elusive “toponium,” a particle so fleeting and compact it defied expectations of ever being seen. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, A Signal Too Strange to Ignore – And It May Reveal a New Kind of Matter)

"Intriguing signs from CERN hint at a never-before-seen form of matter – one that could be the tiniest particle cluster ever detected." (ScitechDaily, A Signal Too Strange to Ignore – And It May Reveal a New Kind of Matter)

"Top quarks, typically too short-lived to pair up, may have briefly bonded into a mysterious object known as toponium. This unexpected observation challenges assumptions about particle behavior at the LHC and could reshape how physicists explore the quantum frontier." (ScitechDaily, A Signal Too Strange to Ignore – And It May Reveal a New Kind of Matter)

It's possible that the CERN researchers found the mythic Toponium. The Toponium is one of the quarkoniums. "In particle physics, quarkonium (from quark and -onium, pl. quarkonia) is a flavorless meson whose constituents are a heavy quark and its own antiquark, making it both a neutral particle and its own antiparticle. The name "quarkonium" is analogous to positronium, the bound state of electron and anti-electron. The particles are short-lived due to matter-antimatter annihilation." (Wikipedia, quarkonium)

The bound state of the top quark and its antiquark that the strong nuclear force connects together. Normally, in the modern universe, the top quark doesn't have time to create hadrons. 

The top quark is a so high-energy particle. That it doesn't have time to make a bound state with other quarks. 

But in extremely high-energy environments is possible. That the top quark makes bound states with bottom quarks. 

In the very young universe where the energy level was much, much higher, it's possible that the top quarks formed hadrons that do not exist anymore. Today the top quark vaporizes so fast, that it cannot make hadrons in a regular universe. It's possible that the top quark can make hadrons in an environment where the extremely hot quark-gluon soup interacts. 

Toponium's quark structure (Wikipedia commons)

The Hubble tension. 

In the history of the universe. There was an event. That accelerated the universe's expansion. That thing can happen. Because a large number of particles decay or vaporize at a certain point in history. That released lots of energy into the universe. That image is from Scientific American and demonstrates how the universe expanded before the birth of galaxies. 

The thing that can solve the Hubble Tension and cosmology crisis is that the universe spins around the mass center. There is a theory that in the middle of the universe is the hyper-large black hole that formed just after the Big Bang. If that mass center exists the universe can spin around it. Things like the dark flow and dark fluid can support that theory. 

There is the possibility. The new experiments open new visions to the top quark research. The Toponium would be meson there the top quark makes a bound state with its anti-quark. The extremely fast spin keeps those particles away from each other. If that observation about Toponium is true this thing can bring new information about the early universe and particles that are gone when the universe turns colder. In the young universe could be things like material like hadrons that formed other quarks than up and down quarks. 

It's possible that the "super energy hydrogen" could exist in the very early universe. That hypothetical thing formed for example top and bottom quarks and muon. That orbited that thing. Maybe that exotic material exists in the black hole's relativistic jet. But in other places, those particles are gone forever. 

When we think about the Hubble Tension and the lost particles, we can think. The suddenly accelerated expansion of the universe can be caused by some particles releasing energy when they or part of them released energy. When some particles decay that thing causes the fast energy release into the universe. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-04-slowly-universe-hubble-tension.html

https://scitechdaily.com/a-signal-too-strange-to-ignore-and-it-may-reveal-a-new-kind-of-matter/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_flow

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_fluid

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_particle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

Levitating diamonds defy the laws of physics, or do they?

"A groundbreaking experiment at Purdue University showcases levitating diamonds spinning at 1.2 billion RPM, unlocking new insights into quantum physics and gravity." (https://www.sustainability-times.com/in-depth/levitating-diamonds-reach-impossible-speed-spinning-at-1-2-billion-rpm-theyre-cracking-open-the-secrets-of-quantum-gravity/)

"Within the confines of a vacuum chamber, researchers have managed to levitate nanodiamonds, each just 750 nanometers wide, using an ingeniously designed ion trap. These diamonds are not ordinary; they are crafted through high-pressure, high-temperature processes and then modified with high-energy electrons to create nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. These NV centers are the heart of the experiment, housing electron spins that act like tiny compasses to detect magnetic fields." ( https://www.sustainability-times.com/in-depth/levitating-diamonds-reach-impossible-speed-spinning-at-1-2-billion-rpm-theyre-cracking-open-the-secrets-of-quantum-gravity/)

Those diamonds can make it possible to create new sensor technology. 

Levitating in the vacuum chamber is a new thing. 

Those diamonds can make it possible to create new sensor technology. It is possible to put the diamond to levitate in the air benefiting pressure waves that lasers can create in them. If the diamond spins in the gas like air that thing can cause very strong friction. The friction starts to heat the air. And that makes those things dangerous. 

Diamonds can levitate if the system conducts light to them. This thing seems to defy the laws of physics. But there is nothing mystic in that phenomenon. The light that hits diamonds causes the acoustic waves around it. 

The phonon forms acoustic waves that cause levitation. When light is conducted on the diamond. It pushes electron shells in one direction.

That makes the acoustic wave travel in the diamond. Those acoustic waves, or pressure waves can push diamonds upwards. The acoustic wave can lock the diamond into the levitating position over the layer. 

The thing that makes the phonon into those diamonds is that they are monoatomic structures. There are used laboratory, or industrial diamonds in those experiments. In phonon, tests are used industrial diamonds are made of extremely purified carbon. 

(https://www.sustainability-times.com/in-depth/levitating-diamonds-reach-impossible-speed-spinning-at-1-2-billion-rpm-theyre-cracking-open-the-secrets-of-quantum-gravity/)

The vacuum levitation needs NV centers. In the phonons, there are no other than carbon atoms in that nanostructure. That makes those purified diamonds an ability. That there are no pockets where that energy can go. That makes acoustic waves travel through diamonds without changing. 

If we think that the small pyramid, or cone-shaped diamonds. Sends an acoustic wave through its top that wave can push air molecules away from its route. That makes the low pressure above the diamond. That low-pressure channel can pull the diamond up from the layer. 

The thing. What makes a diamond move is the low-pressure channel ahead of it. The shape of the nano- or miniature diamonds determines does the low-pressure channel or pressure wave behind the diamond is the thing that moves it. 

That can make those diamonds levitate. When we think about phonons. It is possible to make a similar effect in the silicone structures. The purified silicon can levitate in a similar way as (at least) miniature diamonds. 

Those levitating phonon structures are interesting because they can make miniature flying robots possible. When something pushes those pressure, or acoustic waves that surround the nanodiamonds that makes them move forward. Otherwise, the system can make another phonon in the diamond or purified silicone crystal. That crystal can have four or more cone-shaped overhangs. 

So when the light impacts them in different directions. That makes the diamond fly in that direction. Where the operator wants. This kind of levitating crystals can make it possible to create nano-weapons like controlled sandstorms where the nano-particles hit the targeted army with a speed that is many times faster than the speed of sound. 

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/phonon

 https://www.sustainability-times.com/in-depth/levitating-diamonds-reach-impossible-speed-spinning-at-1-2-billion-rpm-theyre-cracking-open-the-secrets-of-quantum-gravity/

The new nanomachines can operate inside living cells.

"DNA strand displacement circuits are inching closer to becoming cellular machines. Scientists are finding ways to make these programmable nanodevices stable and functional inside living cells. If successful, they could revolutionize how we interface with and control biology at the molecular level. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, DNA Circuits Come Alive: Scientists Build Molecular Robots Inside Living Cells)

DNA circuits can make robots that operate inside human cells. Those nanotechnical miracles can and will revolutionize things like genome therapy and medical treatment. The DNA circuit can revolutionize the nanomachinery because it allows to making of complicated chemical programs that fit into the machine. That is smaller than cells. The DNA circuit can store information in the kinetic form. In that case, the DNA circuit can store energy like a spring. 

Then the oscillation of the released energy is determined. Where the nanomachine which can be like an artificial virus will travel. The nanomachine is not probably like a natural virus. The system can be like a medium between viruses and bacteria. The DNA-controlled nanomachine can be like a cell that cannot create copies of itself. It can be more complicated than natural viruses. It can have components that are not found in natural viruses. The genetically engineered coronavirus can involve antibiotics in its surface proteins. That can destroy targeted bacteria immediately. The "Virus" might be the protein package, covered by the antibiotic proteins. 

It might be a virus with mitochondria and it can be more like some kind of spirochete. The DNA controls the system which includes movement systems. Those things can be the small strings that spin around their axle. That kind of system requires a control circuit that controls the nanomachine. The artificial virus can use the DNA as the controller that helps it to find the right cells. 

The system can use the same models that the "radar bacteria" use when they get information about threats around them. The radar bacteria use chemical radars to locate their enemies. The same thing can installed on artificial nanomachines. 

"By harnessing light and trace molecular leftovers, researchers found a way to steer how molecules twist, left or right, offering new control over nano-scale design. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Molecules in a Twist: How a Flash of Light Flips Chirality)

"The plant-pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae (center), detects its amoebal predators with a chemical radar and eliminates them. Credit: Luo Yu/Leibniz-HKI" (ScitechDaily, The Secret “Radar” Bacteria Use To Outsmart Their Enemies) Nanomachine can use the same ability to track the wanted cells. Nanomachine is not a cell or virus. It's a combination of multiple DNA bites. 

Two DNA bites will turn into the archimedean screws that will make the nanomachine move. 

Those systems can replace damaged DNA in the cell. The DNA circuit can store information in its chemical form. The system can turn cells to create some antibiotics. Or it can transform cells into electric or bioluminescence and the computer can read those light flashes or electric impulses. That allows data transmission from the cell to the computer. 

The nanomachine can terminate the cell simply by turning the DNA around. That thing turns the DNA into its mirror-molecule. This causes an effect on the mRNA that this mirror-DNA creates will not fit into its position and that ends the process that the mRNA should control. Nanotechnology is one of the most effective systems in the world. That thing can create even new organisms by connecting the DNA bites into the new entirety. 

The system can transfer any DNA from inside the cell's nucleus. The light can also turn the DNA molecule's chirality. And, that causes an idea that if the system can aim things like high-power liquid impact on a targeted cell. That system can turn the DNA around. The nanomachine requires only the system that pumps the liquid to the right point. That flips the DNA around. 

 https://scitechdaily.com/dna-circuits-come-alive-scientists-build-molecular-robots-inside-living-cells/

https://scitechdaily.com/molecules-in-a-twist-how-a-flash-of-light-flips-chirality/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-secret-radar-bacteria-use-to-outsmart-their-enemies/

AI mimics human memory to make wise decisions.

  

"A recent study introduces the M2I framework, inspired by human memory, to address limitations in current large AI models such as inefficiency, high energy use, and lack of reasoning. By mimicking brain-like memory mechanisms, the research aims to create machines capable of continual learning, adaptive reasoning, and dynamic information processing." (ScitechDaily, Can AI Think Like Us? New Research Mimics Human Memory for Smarter Machines)

Human memory is like a puzzle. Every single memory unit holds one small part of the information. That the brain stores in it. The thing that makes the memory so flexible is that. There are millions of memory units. That brain can reshape and connect in millions of ways. It is possible to make this kind of memory for computers. Using the memory addresses. In those systems, we can say that memory allocation units behave like pixels in the CCD camera. 

The memory pixels that the AI can reshape and reorder make those systems powerful and flexible. But handling that memory pixel network entirety of the system requires lots of computer power. And advanced operating systems. The memory is more than image. It controls the physical and emotional reactions. When a thing like a robot carries packages the memory stores information on how it picks the merchandise up. 

A robot's memory orders it to move its limbs and react to things that the robot faces. When a robot sees something it searches match from its memory. If there is a match with even and description that description activates the action. 

Memory addresses can act like memory units or memory cells in human brains. Then, those memory addresses can make multiple connections of themselves. They can make millions of forms of the memories that the computers have. This kind of memory is like a CCD chip in the digital camera. The difference between the computer memory and the CCD chip is that the CCD chip turns the image into electric impulses. 

But, this network-based memory handles data stored in the system. The system's accuracy and flexibility depend on the memory unit or memory address's size and number of those addresses. The large number of small memory addresses or memory allocation units can create a more accurate and flexible memory entirety than the small number of large allocation units. 

When the system reshapes the image or puts those memory storages into a new order the small number of large memory allocation units makes the new memory image unsharp. The data that a large memory allocation unit stores is in fixed form. The problem with those data structures is the same as when we use a small number of large pixels in the CCD camera. 

That makes images unclear. The large number of small pixels makes those images clear. The same way the memory pixels act in the computer memory. AI thinks similar way as humans. It collects a group of data pixels and then reshapes them into a new form. 

https://scitechdaily.com/can-ai-think-like-us-new-research-mimics-human-memory-for-smarter-machines/

Diamonds and holograms in microchip production.

"A NIMS research team has successfully developed the world’s first n-channel diamond MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), a breakthrough that enables the creation of diamond-based CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) integrated circuits for high-performance use in extreme environments. This innovation leverages diamond’s exceptional properties, such as high thermal conductivity and radiation resistance, paving the way for energy-efficient electronics capable of operating under intense heat and radiation. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com"(ScitechDaily, Diamond Devices Break Limits: Scientists Unveil New High-Performance Nuclear-Grade Transistor)

Diamond devices can revolutionize electronics. They can act as transistors. But those diamonds can also control things like resistance in materials. The diamond can act as a phonon that can send acoustic waves into the semiconductor. That thing allows the system to control electricity in the semiconductor better. The diamond-phonons can create extremely strong pressure in an extremely small area. That thing can turn the point into superconducting at lower temperatures than normal pressure and temperature allow. 

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"(Left) Atomic force microscope image of diamond epilayer surface morphology. (Middle) Optical microscope image of the diamond MOSFET. (Right) Performance of the MOSFET measured at 300°C. The drain current increased when the gate voltage (Vg) was increased from -20 V (indicated by a black line) to 10 V (indicated by a yellow line). Credit: Satoshi Koizumi, Meiyong Liao National Institute for Materials Science" (ScitechDaily, Diamond Devices Break Limits: Scientists Unveil New High-Performance Nuclear-Grade Transistor)

"Researchers at UMass Amherst developed a novel method for aligning 3D semiconductor chips using laser light and concentric metalenses, projecting holograms that reveal even atomic-scale misalignments. This breakthrough could reduce chip manufacturing costs, enable advanced 3D electronics, and lead to compact, affordable sensors." (ScitechDaily, Laser Holograms Could Revolutionize 3D Chip Manufacturing)

"Simulated and measured results of different sizes of lateral misalignment, from 150 nm to 1 micrometer (or 1,000 nm). Credit: Amir Arbabi"  (ScitechDaily, Laser Holograms Could Revolutionize 3D Chip Manufacturing)

"[Left] Semiconductor layers are stacked using concentric metalenses as alignment marks. [Right] Light shines through these marks to project a hologram. The alignment or misalignment of the lenses dictates the hologram’s appearance. Credit: Amir Arbabi"  (ScitechDaily, Laser Holograms Could Revolutionize 3D Chip Manufacturing)

Simulated and measured results of different sizes of misalignment in the gap between two layers, from 1 micrometer (or 1,000 nm) to 3 µm. Credit: Amir Arbabi  (ScitechDaily, Laser Holograms Could Revolutionize 3D Chip Manufacturing)

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That makes it possible to create mass memory where the computer can put the data. And when those memories are not needed the system can remove pressure and that removes the superconductor. This makes electronics safe. The diamond can also be used as SONAR. Which can search for non-wanted potholes and scratches from microchips' surfaces.  

The diamond can also clean the layers by sending acoustic waves to it. That kind of system can be used to create ultra-clean layers. 

Another interesting thing that can revolutionize microchip production is holograms. Holograms can test does the microchip fits its position on the microcircuit. Holograms can also test the non-wanted anomalies from the layers. The reflection of the holograms uncovers if there is some kind of error in the structure. That thing makes it possible to create more advanced and more effective microchips. 

Those holograms can also be used to illuminate the film where the system makes a route for electricity. That kind of microchip manufacturing systems are more advanced and effective than traditional systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/diamond-devices-break-limits-scientists-unveil-new-high-performance-nuclear-grade-transistor/ 

https://scitechdaily.com/laser-holograms-could-revolutionize-3d-chip-manufacturing/

Stanford researchers created the digital twin of human brains.

"Stanford researchers used AI to create a “digital twin” of a mouse’s visual cortex that can predict brain activity in response to new visual stimuli. These digital models could revolutionize neuroscience by allowing unlimited, efficient virtual experiments and revealing how the brain organizes information." (Stanford Scientists Create “Digital Twin” of the Brain Using AI)

AI is a tool that can do almost anything. The AI can be used to make a digital twin of things like neutron stars and human brains. The digital twins are also used to find out weaknesses of things like F-35 jet fighters. In those cases, digital twins can also make holograms that the researchers can use to simulate things like wave movement behavior on the aircraft's body. The system can use two different digital models the radar and aircraft. 

The system can transport virtual radar transmitters over the virtual layers. That makes it possible for the system to calculate the ideal angles of the shell. 

The system can also calculate the ideal approaching angles to the aircraft. The hologram can demonstrate things like paintings and positions where that aircraft can be when it's not in operation. 

But digital twins of human brains are things that can make revolution for research that handles intelligence. The size of those databases is enormous. The system can also have multiple independent operating levels. That system can include simulations of the neurons. Neuron's digital twins can simulate human brains with a very high accuracy. And if someday the computers are effective enough, that system can make the hybrid, multicore digital twin of the human brain. 

The system requires 100 billion cores that simulate individual neurons in the human brain. And their ability to create virtual neurons or internal, independently operating neuron groups that can form more neuron entireties. For making digital twins the AI requires as much information as possible. Advanced X-ray systems and scanners might make it possible to create the digital twin of the entire human body. 

There is the possibility of making digital twins of planets, or some chemical environment. 

Or if we have enough computer capacity we can make digital twins of the entire universe. The requirement for computers is so high. 

This kind of thing requires that computers advance. But the accuracy determines the need for computer power. We can make inaccurate models of the gas flows into the static objects. 

The ability to make the digital twin of the chemical laboratory environment saves money. The system can simulate chemical reactions with a very high accuracy. This eliminates the need for physical stuff. 

https://scitechdaily.com/stanford-scientists-create-digital-twin-of-the-brain-using-ai/